Workbook 5 - Blasting Regulations and Hazards

Introduction

Occupational Health and Safety

1. The Occupational Health and Safety Act was implemented primarily to assure (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. A major rapid production flow
   • B. Longer-lasting equipment
   • C. Safer working conditions for the miner

2. If you follow the laws discussed here, you may ignore any Provincial, local, or Company policies which also govern your operation.

   • A. True
   • B. False

3. The law clearly states that detonators (may/may not - which?) _______________ be stored in the same magazine with explosives.

4. Magazines must be located in accordance with the current (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. Supervisor's specifications
   • B. Federal Table of Distances
   • C. Company policy

5. In the list below, check any statements which pertain to the construction of magazines as specified by the law:

   • A. Reasonably bullet-resistant
   • B. Non-sparking metals on inside
   • C. Properly ventilated

6. To help keep explosives out of unauthorized hands, magazines should be kept _______________ when unattended.

7. Magazines must be posted with suitable danger signs located so that a bullet passing through the face of the sign will not _______________.

8. Magazines used to store detonators must be separated from those used for explosives by at least (10/15/25/50 - which?) _______________ feet.

9. ANFO must be stored so that (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. It's at least 100 feet from other blasting agents
   • B. The oil will not contaminate other explosives, detonating cord or fuse

Answers - Page 1

1. C is correct
2. B is correct
3. May not
4. B is correct
5. A, B and C are all correct
6. Locked
7. Strike the magazine
8. 50
9. B is correct

Transportation of Explosives

1. The construction of the vehicles used to transport explosives and detonators (is/is not - which?) _______________ an important safety factor.

2. All vehicles containing explosives (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. Must be posted with proper warning placards
   • B. Need warning signs only when on public roads
   • C. Should be posted with warning signs except when on mine property

3. Explosives and detonators (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. Should always be transported in separate vehicles
   • B. Can be carried in the same cargo space
   • C. Should either be transported in separate vehicles or separated by ___ inches of hardwood or equivalent

4. To keep the numbers of people exposed to a minimum, explosive-carrying vehicles should (CHECK ANY CORRECT ANSWERS):

   • A. Avoid congested areas
   • B. Travel without undue delays in transit
   • C. Carry only those people necessary to accomplish the job

5. When loaded with explosives or detonators, vehicles (should/need not - which?) _______________ be attended.

6. When vehicles loaded with explosives or detonators are parked, the (CHECK ANY CORRECT ANSWERS):

   • A. Brakes should be set
   • B. Wheels should be blocked
   • C. Power should be shut off

7. Loaded explosive vehicles (should never/can - which?) _______________ be taken into a repair garage or shop.

Answers - Transportation

1. Is
2. A is correct
3. C is correct (4 inches)
4. A, B, and C are all correct
5. Should
6. A, B, and C are all correct
7. Should never

Handling and Use of Explosives - Initial Questions

1. The handling and use of explosives must be done by persons who (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. Have worked in a mine for at least 3 months
   • B. Are experienced and understand the hazards involved
   • C. Are at least 25 years old

2. Trainees shall work with explosives (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. Alone, after one week of intensive training
   • B. Alone, only if there is a supervisor somewhere in the blasting area
   • C. Only under the supervision of and in the immediate presence of experienced persons

3. Explosives must be carried to the blasting site in special substantial, nonconductive, closed containers.

   • A. True
   • B. False

4. Damaged or deteriorated explosives (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

   • A. May be used when special precautions are followed
   • B. Must be destroyed in a safe manner
   • C. Must be buried - not burned or shot

5. Damaged or deteriorated explosives are (more/less - which?) _______________ hazardous than those in good condition.

6. Only one type of explosive should be destroyed at a time.

   • A. True
   • B. False

7. Detonators (can/cannot - which?) _______________ be destroyed with explosives.

Answers - Handling and Use Initial

1. B is correct
2. C is correct
3. A is correct
4. B is correct
5. More
6. A is correct
7. Cannot

Handling and Use of Explosives (Detailed)

Crew Size and Training

With well-trained, well-organized crews, the chances of accidents will be greatly _______________.

The people handling and using explosives and detonators should be chosen for their ability to think logically and use common sense. These people must be thoroughly trained in their work and must understand the nature and the hazards of their job.

It is essential that those people with little training, or trainees (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Must work under the close supervision and in the immediate presence of experienced persons
• B. Can work alone after a short training session
• C. Will be allowed to work alone if there is someone in the area who can answer their questions should any arise

Safety as Primary Objective

Most accidents which occur with explosives could be prevented, therefore, it's imperative that everyone involved with explosives (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. At least read through the suggested practices
• B. Make the practices set forth in the Act a part of their daily work habits
• C. Follow the rules only if they are trainees

Note: In addition to the Act, you must familiarize yourself with the Federal, Provincial, local, and Company guidelines which also govern your operation.

Electrical Safety Requirements

The Act says that where electric blasting is to be performed, electric circuits to equipment within 50 feet of the immediate area to be blasted shall be de-energized before explosives or detonators are brought into the area.

It's logical, then, that the power will (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Be turned on again before the shot
• B. Not be turned on again until after the shots are fired
• C. Can be turned on again any time after the explosives are brought into the area

Separation and Guarding

Explosives and detonators must be separated until the charging is started. This is just another way to prevent premature _______________.

After the holes are charged and awaiting firing, the blast area must be guarded against unauthorized entry.

The blasting area should be adequately guarded to prevent (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Anyone from entering the area which is to be shot
• B. Damage to equipment
• C. Unauthorized possession of explosives

Flyrock Prevention

Studies throughout Canada show that flyrock has been one of the most frequent causes of injuries. One way to reduce this type of accident is to _______________ the blast area to stop anyone from accidentally approaching the blast.

Trained people should also be posted at entry points to the blast area before the holes are fired.

Warning Requirements

The law requires that ample warning be given before blasts are fired. This is usually accomplished by sounding a _______________.

All persons (and equipment) must clear the area before the blast. They must move to a place of safety which is far enough away from the blast to avoid any injury by flyrock or from the concussion. Suitable blasting shelters may be provided to assure adequate protection against _______________ or _______________.

Underground Operations

Special precautions must be taken when surface blasting is performed in close proximity to underground operations.

Where blasting would be hazardous to underground workers (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. No blasting shall be done until underground miners are adequately protected
• B. The work shall proceed only under close supervision
• C. Work shall be limited to 3-hour time limits

Lead Wires and Blasting Lines

Lead wires and blasting lines should never be strung across power conductors, pipelines, railroad tracks, or within 100 meters of powerlines.

These precautions are necessary because electric current or a leakage of electric current (could/could not - which?) _______________ cause an accidental detonation.

The lead wires and blasting lines must also be protected from all types of static electricity or any type of electric contact since any source of electric current could result in accidental or premature _______________.

Drilling Safety

Holes shall not be drilled where there is danger of intersecting a charged or misfired hole.

This precaution is rather obvious since drilling into unexploded explosives (could/could not - which?) _______________ result in detonation of the charged hole.

Misfires

Misfires are a serious consideration at any blasting site. When undetonated explosives are visible after a blast or during the digging and loading cycles, all work in the blasted area must be stopped, and an investigation made.

When undetonated explosives are discovered, the work should (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Continue cautiously
• B. Stop immediately and the area should be checked out by a trained person
• C. Not be stopped as it's unlikely that the misfired charges would be detonated

Non-Sparking Tools

The law is very specific when it comes to the actual handling and loading of explosives:

• Only wooden or other nonsparking implements shall be used to punch holes in an explosive cartridge
• Tamping poles shall be blunt and squared at one end and made of wood, nonsparking material, or of a special plastic acceptable to MSHA

The term "nonsparking" is very important since sparks of any type (could/could not - which?) _______________ cause detonation.

When a cartridge-type explosive is used, the cap must be firmly embedded in the center of the cartridge. A hole must be punched - never slit - in the cartridge.

The tool used to punch the hole in the cartridge must be made of _______________ or other _______________ material.

The same is true of the tamping pole, since explosives (are/are not - which?) _______________ quite sensitive to sparks or heat of any type.

Delay Connectors

The explosives in delay connectors are similar to those in blasting caps. They can be detonated by impact and are sensitive to heat.

Delay connectors should be protected from (CHECK ANY CORRECT ANSWERS):

• A. Falling objects such as heavy rocks
• B. Excessive heat, flame and sparks
• C. Storage in the same magazine with explosives

Capped Primers

Capped primers should be made up at the time of charging and as close to the blasting site as conditions will allow.

It's important to prepare the capped primer so that the detonator is secure and (completely/partially - which?) _______________ embedded within the cartridge.

Because of the explosive properties of both the cap and the primer, capped primers (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Can be safely tamped
• B. Could be tamped when extra precautions are used
• C. Must never be tamped

Detonating Cord

Detonating cord should not be used if it has been kinked, bent, or otherwise handled in such a manner that the train of detonation could be interrupted.

In such a case, detonation could be seriously delayed, or the shot could result in a _______________.

Electric Detonators

Brand Consistency

When electric detonators are used, a combination of different brands may not be used in the same round. The variations in the properties of different brands may be substantial enough to prevent the shots from firing as planned.

Always make sure that electric detonators used in a round are all of the same _______________.

Shunting Requirements

When working with an electric blasting circuit, there are three specific tasks which must be accomplished:

1. Electric detonators shall be kept shunted until they are being tested, connected to the blasting line or wired into a blasting round

2. Except for testing purposes, wired rounds shall be kept shunted until they are being connected to the blasting line

3. Blasting lines shall be kept shunted until immediately before blasting

These points are to be done for your own _______________.

The electric detonators, wired rounds and blasting lines shall be kept shunted to prevent (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Accidental or premature detonation
• B. Misfires
• C. Over fragmentation

Circuit Testing

Blasting galvanometers are used to make continuity checks and measure overall resistance in the blasting circuits.

The completely wired rounds must be tested with a blasting galvanometer (before/after - which?) _______________ connections are made to the blasting line.

Since blasting galvanometers and other test instruments are specifically designed and constructed to test blasting circuits, it's imperative for safety reasons that only approved instruments be used.

Permanent Firing Lines

When a permanent firing line is used, a temporary firing line is used for the buswire to the permanent blasting line.

Since the temporary line is usually destroyed by the blast, it (must/need not - which?) _______________ be long enough to prevent damage to the permanent line when the blast occurs.

The permanent blasting line is used over and over again. Therefore, it (is/is not - which?) _______________ necessary for this blasting line to be properly supported, insulated, and kept in good repair.

Power Source

The success of the shot also depends upon the power source which shall be suitable for the number of electrical detonators to be fired and for the type of circuits used.

If the power source is inadequate for the number of detonators used in the circuit, the chance for misfires is greatly (increased/decreased - which?) _______________.

Other Electric Blasting Factors

Safety Switches

The Act clearly states that electric circuits from the blasting switches to the blast area shall not be grounded. Safety switches and blasting switches shall be labelled, encased in boxes, and arranged so that the covers of the boxes cannot be closed with the switches in the through-circuit.

The safety and blasting switches must be arranged or located so that the covers cannot be closed with the switches in the _______________ position.

Control of Firing Devices

Control over the electrical firing devices is extremely important to the safety of all persons working in the blasting area.

The key or other control to an electrical firing device shall be entrusted (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. To anyone who helped wire the circuit
• B. To a person who helped plan the circuit
• C. Only to the person designated to fire the round or rounds

Branch Circuits

If branch circuits are used when blasts are fired from power circuits, safety switches - located at safe distances from the blast areas - shall be provided (in addition to/instead of - which?) _______________ the main blasting switch.

Misfires

Reporting and Disposal

Proper handling and disposal of misfires provides a great degree of safety to those people working in the blasting area.

Misfires shall be reported to the proper supervisor and shall be disposed of safely (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. In conjunction with other work being performed in the area
• B. By special crews while the remainder of the work in the blast area continues
• C. Before any other work is performed in the blasting area

Waiting Periods with EB Caps

When EB caps have been used, no workers are to return to the blast area for at least 15 minutes.

Misfired EB caps may detonate unexpectedly, so entering the area immediately after the misfire (CHECK THE LOGICAL ANSWER):

• A. Could result in serious injury should a misfired EB cap detonate
• B. Will help prevent injuries, since steps can be taken very quickly to prevent detonation

Burning Explosives

The hazards are even greater if explosives are suspected of burning in a hole. When this situation occurs:

• All persons in the endangered area shall move to a safe location
• No one should return to the blast site until the danger has passed
• In no case shall anyone return within one hour

This stipulation is made because of the possibility that the burning explosives will (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Continue to burn for an undetermined length of time
• B. Explode
• C. Detonate other wired holes

Summary of Wait Times

For everyone's protection:

• A. Workers should not return to a blast site when EB caps have been used for at least ___ minutes
• B. In the case of burning explosives in a hole, workers should stay clear of the area for at least ___

Post-Blast Examination

After each blast, the blasted area must be examined for undetonated explosives. If any are found, they must be disposed of safely.

This examination for undetonated explosives must be performed (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. At least once a day
• B. At the end of each shift
• C. After each blast

If undetonated explosives in a hole should suddenly detonate after everyone has re-entered the area and begun work, people could be injured or killed.

Therefore, it makes good sense to examine the blast area with (a full crew/as few people as possible - which?) _______________.

Conditions After Blast

Dust, smoke, and perhaps toxic fumes will probably be thick in the area immediately after the blast.

It makes sense to (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Wait until any such concentrations have reduced to safe levels
• B. Move in with special equipment - blowers, breathing apparatus, etc. - right away
• C. Ignore the dust, smoke, and fumes and check immediately for the greater danger - undetonated explosives

Question: Since dust, smoke, and toxic fumes can be especially hazardous, what must be done before the examination can be made?

Answer: _______________

Unused Explosives and Detonators

Removal Before Blasting

You'll probably end up with somewhat more explosives and detonators on hand than you actually need for loading the holes for a shot. These items cannot be left in the blasting area when you shoot.

Unused explosives and detonators should be _______________ from the blast area before you blast.

The law states that unused explosives and detonators shall be moved to a "safe location" as soon as charging operations are completed.

This will prevent their inadvertent _______________ when the holes are shot.

Safe Location

Just what a "safe location" is must be left to your good judgment. Options include:

• Placing the unused explosives and detonators back in the magazine
• Putting them back in the explosives truck's magazines and driving the truck to a safe location during shooting

Actions such as these probably constitute moving the unused items to a _______________.

Key Requirement

Once the charging operations are completed, you must be sure to (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Leave the unused explosives and detonators in the area for the next round of holes
• B. Let the unused materials lie on top of the ground, since they won't create any problems when the blast is shot
• C. Move unused explosives and detonators to a safe place before shooting

Stray Current

Detection and Response

Whenever electric detonators are involved, stray current must be a consideration. There's a lot of electrical equipment on a mine site, and there's always a chance that one or more circuits will be "leaking", resulting in stray current.

It takes very little such current to detonate electrical detonators, so special precautions - including constant checks - must be taken.

When the presence of static electricity or stray current is detected, any hole-charging that's going on at the time (CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWER):

• A. Must be stopped immediately until the situation is corrected
• B. Can continue, but only under strict checks of the stray current or static electricity
• C. Should be stopped when the level of stray current or static electricity reaches a dangerous level

No Safe Level

There is no "safe" level of stray current or static electricity when electric detonating devices are involved.

Remember: It takes very little amperage - sometimes, less than 0.05 amp - to set off an electric blasting cap or other electric detonating device.

When stray current or static electricity is detected, charging of holes for blasting must be _______________.

While it's not always easy to pinpoint the source of static electricity or stray current, the situation must be remedied before hole charging can continue.

Otherwise, detonators and explosives may be set off prematurely, perhaps resulting in the _______________ (or even death) of any individuals in the area of the blast.

Electrical Storms

Charging must be suspended and everyone withdrawn from the area when an _______________ approaches the blast area.

Lightning is electricity in action. When an electrical storm approaches the blasting area:

• The _______________ of holes must be stopped immediately
• All personnel in the area must be _______________

Non-Electrical Detonators

Non-electrical detonators and blasting agents are generally less affected by static electricity and stray current. Still, a blasting area is not the safest place to be during an electrical storm.

If you're charging holes in preparation for shooting and you detect static electricity or stray current... or if an electrical storm approaches... you should _______________, whether you're using electric detonators or not.

Special Provisions for Blasting Agents

ANFO Storage

ANFO (sensitized ammonium nitrate blasting agent) must be stored under very strict conditions, and completely separated from caps, Nonel, and any other detonators.

This is only common sense, because ANFO (can/cannot - which?) _______________ be dangerous if mishandled.

Mixing Components

Many mining companies buy ANFO already mixed and prepared for hole loading. However, some companies buy the components - ammonium nitrate prills and fuel oil - and mix their own ANFO.

When this is the case, these individual elements (CHECK THE LOGICAL ANSWER):

• A. Must be stored carefully
• B. Aren't at all harmful to anyone, so they can be stored and mixed in virtually any manner
• C. Must be mixed carefully, although storage doesn't require any particular care

Remember: ANFO and its components must be handled with care, because under the right (or "wrong"!) circumstances, these materials can be dangerous.

Pneumatic Loading

Pre-Loading Evaluation

In many applications, blasting agents are loaded into the holes pneumatically. Air is used to blow the prills of ANFO into the holes.

Before pneumatic loading operations are begun, an evaluation must be made of the potential hazards due to _______________ electricity and stray _______________.

Once hole loading takes place, stray current and/or static electricity can cause premature detonation of the explosives. The results could be disastrous.

Therefore, an evaluation of the dangers that might be presented by these factors must be made (before/after - which?) _______________ pneumatic loading begins.

Grounding Requirements

Always take the necessary steps to minimize the dangers presented by static electricity and stray current.

The conductive parts of pneumatic loading equipment must be grounded and bonded. And remember, this equipment must not be grounded to water lines, air lines, rails, or the permanent electrical _______________ systems being used.

Summary of Pneumatic Loading Safety

Pneumatic loading equipment must be grounded, and:

• A. It must not be grounded to water or _______________ lines, rails, or electrical _______________ systems
• B. This will help prevent the possibility of inadvertent detonation due to _______________ or _______________

Summary

The regulations covered in this workbook are all intended to protect you as you perform your job in your Company's blasting operations. Most of them involve more common sense than anything else.

Apply your own measure of common sense to your blasting operation... observe the rules and regulations... and you'll find that you can function efficiently and safely in your job.

Test - Workbook 5: Blasting Regulations and Hazards

Instructions: Select the correct answer for each question.

1. If you follow the laws discussed in this module:

• A. You may ignore any Provincial, local, or Company policies which govern your operation
• B. You must also familiarize yourself with the Provincial and local laws
• C. You will realize that only federal law governs blasting operations

2. The law clearly states that:

• A. Detonators may not be stored in the same magazines as explosives
• B. It is perfectly safe to store detonators in the same magazine as explosives as long as they are not together
• C. Detonators and explosives can only be stored together in a magazine as long as they are separated by two inches of hardwood

3. Magazines provided with proper ventilation will help prevent:

• A. Deterioration of explosives and explosive materials
• B. The accumulation of fumes or gases
• C. Both A and B are correct

4. Magazines used to store detonators must be separated from those used for storing explosives by at least:

• A. 15 feet
• B. 25 feet
• C. 50 feet

5. To keep explosives out of unauthorized hands, magazines must be:

• A. Kept locked when unattended
• B. Camouflaged
• C. Portable so they can be taken to a safe place at the end of the day

6. All vehicles containing explosives:

• A. Need warning signs only when on public roads
• B. Should be posted with warning signs except when on mine property
• C. Must be posted with proper warning signs at all times

7. To prevent theft or vandalism during the transportation of explosives, vehicles:

• A. Should be attended or secured at all times
• B. Should be locked, but not necessarily attended
• C. Need not be attended

8. When vehicles loaded with explosives or detonators are parked, the:

• A. Engine should be shut off
• B. Power should be shut off, brakes set and wheels blocked
• C. Wheels need not be blocked, the parking brake will be sufficient

9. If a vehicle containing explosives or detonators should break down, it should:

• A. Be unloaded and washed out before being taken to a garage for repairs
• B. Never be taken to a garage for repairs under any circumstances
• C. Immediately be taken to the garage, without disturbing the load of explosives

10. Magazines can be used for storing:

• A. Any tools or equipment used at the mine site
• B. Only explosives or detonators
• C. Anything the workers may need at the mine site

11. Magazines must be:

• A. Kept clean and dry continuously
• B. Cleaned and secured once a week by law
• C. Cleaned only when inventory of explosives is required

12. When cases or boxes of explosives are stored in magazines, they should be stacked:

• A. As high as possible to make more room in the magazine
• B. Against the wall, but not more than 6 feet high
• C. On their tops and bottoms and not more than 6 feet high

13. Explosives that are damaged or deteriorated:

• A. Must be disposed of in a safe manner or returned to the manufacturer for disposal
• B. Must be buried - not burned or shot

14. The destruction of damaged explosives should be done:

• A. With the assumption that an explosion may occur
• B. Only by shooting
• C. Both A and B are correct

15. Where electrical blasting is to be performed, the power to electrical equipment within 50 feet of the blast site will:

• A. Not be turned on again until after the shots are fired
• B. Be turned on again before the shots
• C. Can be turned on again any time after the explosives are brought into the area

16. If an occasion occurs that blasting would cause danger to underground workers:

• A. Work shall proceed only under close supervision
• B. Work shall be limited to 3-hour time limits
• C. No blasting shall be done until underground workers are adequately protected

17. Delay connectors should be protected from:

• A. Falling objects and excessive heat
• B. Storage in the same magazine with explosives
• C. Both A and B are correct

18. Because of the explosive properties of both the cap and the primer, it's logical that capped primers:

• A. Could be tamped when extra precautions are used
• B. Must never be tamped
• C. Can be safely tamped

19. It is imperative for safety reasons that:

• A. Any type of galvanometer may be used to test the electric blasting circuits, if careful adjustments are made
• B. All types of test instruments may be used to test electrical blasting circuits, if careful adjustments are made
• C. Only instruments approved for this purpose be used to test electric blasting circuits

20. The law states that the key or other control to an electrical firing device shall be entrusted:

• A. To a person who helped plan the circuit
• B. To anyone who helped wire the circuit
• C. Only to the person designated to fire the round or rounds

21. Misfires shall be reported to the proper supervisor and shall be disposed of safely:

• A. By special crews while the remainder of the work in the blast area continues
• B. Before any other work is performed in the blasting area
• C. In conjunction with other work being performed in the area

22. Persons shall return to misfired holes with EB caps involved:

• A. Not before at least 15 minutes have elapsed
• B. Immediately to check the holes
• C. To reload them and fire them again

23. The examination of the area for undetonated explosives must be performed:

• A. At least once a day
• B. At the end of each shift
• C. After each blast

24. Checking for misfires operation cannot usually be done immediately after the blast because of smoke, fumes, etc., but it makes sense to:

• A. Ignore the dust, smoke, and fumes and check immediately for the greater danger - undetonated explosives
• B. Move in with special equipment - blowers, breathing apparatus, etc. - right away
• C. Wait until any such concentrations have reduced to safe levels

25. When an electrical storm approaches the blasting area, the charging of holes:

• A. Can continue until the storm reaches the blasting site
• B. Should continue, in case the storm blows over
• C. Must be stopped immediately

26. The process of loading the holes by blowing the prills of ANFO in is called:

• A. Pneumatic loading
• B. Pneummonium loading
• C. Hydro loading

27. Anyone who handles or uses explosives or detonators must be:

• A. Well-trained and experienced
• B. A blasting-crew member
• C. Insured because of the Act

Answer Key - Test

Fill-in-the-Blank Answer Key

Introduction Section

• Q3: May not
• Q6: Locked
• Q7: Strike the magazine
• Q8: 50

Transportation Section

• Q1: Is
• Q3: 4 inches
• Q5: Should
• Q7: Should never

Handling and Use Section

• Crew accidents: Reduced
• Sparks: Could
• Punch tool material: Wood, nonsparking
• Explosives sensitivity: Are
• Detonator embedding: Completely
• Detonating cord failure: Misfire

Electric Detonators

• Same brand: Brand/manufacturer
• Shunting purpose: Safety
• Testing timing: Before

Permanent Firing Lines

• Temporary line: Must
• Permanent line maintenance: Is
• Inadequate power source: Increased

Other Electric Blasting Factors

• Switch position: On/through

Misfires

• Wait times: A. 15 minutes; B. One hour
• Examination crew: As few people as possible
• Before examination: Wait for dust, smoke, and fumes to clear

Unused Explosives

• Remove from area: Removed
• Inadvertent result: Detonation
• Safe location: Safe location

Stray Current

• Detection response: Stopped
• Injury result: Injury
• Electrical storm: Electrical storm
• Charging/personnel: Charging, withdrawn
• Response action: Stop charging and withdraw

Blasting Agents

• ANFO danger: Can

Pneumatic Loading

• Hazards evaluation: Static, current
• Evaluation timing: Before
• Grounding systems: Grounding
• Not grounded to: Air, grounding
• Prevention: Stray current, static electricity